This magnificent building serves as the seat of the Bavarian State Parliament. I was invited on a guided tour where I learned about the history and functions of this important institution.
The Bavarian State Parliament is one of Germany’s oldest parliaments and has played a significant role in the development of European parliamentarianism. Its origins date back to the early 14th century, when the first steps toward its creation took place in Lower Bavaria.
The journey toward modern governance took a pivotal turn after the Second World War. In 1946, democratic parties were re-established under the supervision of the American military government. On February 26, an "Advisory State Committee" convened in the assembly hall of Munich University as a precursor to the parliament. Then in June, Bavaria held its first-ever election for a Constitutional State Assembly, which included members from the CSU, SPD, FDP, and KPD parties. (KPD was the Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands, active until 1956) .
The elected Parliament at that time had several houses, until finally in January 1949, the Bavarian State Parliament and the Bavarian Senate (a second chamber from 1946 to 1999) moved into the renovated Maximilianeum, where they have remained ever since. Since then, "Maximilianeum" and "Bavarian Parliament" have become synonymous.
The building
The Maximilianeum was originally established as an educational foundation by King Maximilian II of Bavaria in 1852, with the aim of supporting talented students. Its mission was to provide financial assistance and resources to those who showed exceptional promise in their studies. Interestingly, even today, talented students still reside in the building, reflecting its original purpose.
Now housing the Bavarian State Parliament, the Maximilianeum plays a vital role in the legislative process. The plenary chamber is a key feature of the building, where plenary sessions are held. During these sessions, bills and motions are discussed and decided upon, shaping the laws that govern Bavaria.
The State Parliament has several important responsibilities, including the formation of the government, managing budgetary rights, and overseeing government actions to ensure accountability and transparency. The Bavarian State Parliament is composed of 203 Abgeordnete (members), currently represented by the following parliamentary groups:
- Christlich-Soziale Union (CSU)
- Freie Wähler (FREIE WÄHLER)
- Alternative für Deutschland (AfD)
- Bündnis 90/Die Grünen
- Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (SPD)
The Maximilianeum also houses a very interesting art collection that adorns its halls, including a gallery of portraits of the Presidents of the Chamber. A contemporary artist will paint the current President, Ilse Aigner, adding to the ongoing legacy of art within this historic building.
This iconic building is currently celebrating its 150th anniversary, marking a century and a half of significant contributions to Bavarian governance.
In a fascinating twist of history, a time capsule was discovered in 1998 by pure chance during excavation work for construction. No one knew of its existence! This capsule contained two portraits, a steam engine, which was a symbol of technology at that time, coins, and plans for the building itself.
Visit the Maximilianeum!
Not only will you discover an emblematic building, but what happens there is also very interesting, and it’s knowledge you’ll want to have if you live in this city, especially if you’re preparing for the integration exam. To visit the Maximilianeum, you need to register online, and here you have more information in this link.
A heartfelt thanks to Josef and the Maximilianeum press team for the invitation to the guided tour!
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